歌舞伎D-13

kumadori

隈取

くまどりkabuki's bold makeup of colored lines

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Kumadori is kabuki's distinctive makeup of bold colored lines that reveals a character's nature—red for heroic passion, blue for villainy or the supernatural.

Kumadori is the art of painting a character's inner nature onto the face in colored lines, developed alongside the aragoto style. Red lines suggest justice, courage, and youthful vigor; blue signals villains and supernatural beings; brown is used for demons and spirits. The lines are said to stylize the swell of muscles and veins—sculpture drawn in makeup.

The name is said to come from the way the lines are blended ("taken") with the fingers rather than simply drawn. Each actor adjusts the kumadori to his own face, so the same role looks subtly different from actor to actor. Pressed onto cloth after a performance, the makeup becomes a one-of-a-kind imprint called oshiguma.

Nearly a hundred varieties of kumadori are said to exist, each finely matched to a type of role. The suji-guma worn by Kamakura Gongorō in Shibaraku signals superhuman strength and blazing anger; the mukimi-guma of Sukeroku's hero conveys youth, allure, and a keen sense of justice; the nihon-guma of the priest Narukami expresses composed, imposing power; and high-ranking archvillains wear the indigo kuge-are. Read the lines on a face, and a character's nature is revealed before a word is spoken.

Kumadori is said to have been begun by Ichikawa Danjūrō I together with the aragoto style, and it remains inseparable from the art of the Ichikawa Sōke. The red suji-guma of Shibaraku, its emblem, lives on in Danjūrō XIII's performances today.

Beni-guma (red)

Justice, youth, overflowing strength

Ai-guma (indigo)

Villainy, vengeful spirits, cold power

Cha-guma (brown)

Demons and creatures beyond the human

The colour tells you what kind of being you are watching — kumadori is kabuki's language of the face. There are many varieties; the swatches here are approximations.More on kumadori →
Ichikawa Ebizō V as Soga no Gorō Tokimune in Yanone, his face painted with bold crimson kumadori lines as he sharpens a great arrow
Utagawa Kunisada, “Yanone: Ichikawa Ebizō V as Soga no Gorō Tokimune,” from The Eighteen Great Kabuki Plays, 1852歌川国貞『歌舞伎十八番之内三 矢の根 五代目市川海老蔵の曽我五郎時宗』国立国会図書館デジタルコレクション(パブリックドメイン, Wikimedia Commons)
VIDEO / VOICE

Video & Voice

VIDEO — IN PREPARATION
In preparation

A video commentary by Danjūrō XIII is in preparation.

A full transcript will be published together with the video.

FROM THE OFFICIAL CHANNEL

KABUKU. / Ichikawa Danjūrō.

Films where this word appears

【歌舞伎雑学】赤・青・茶…隈取の色の意味 #市川團十郎 #團十郎 #歌舞伎 #隈取

Jul 20, 2025

Red for loyalty and valour, blue for cruelty and madness, brown for the more-than-human — how to read a role from its colours, in about a minute.

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Author
D-13 Editorial
Published
Aug 15, 2026
Updated
Aug 16, 2026